Q1.What does mean by carpentry?
ANS: Carpentry is a skilled trade that involves working with wood to create various structures and objects. It encompasses a range of activities, from framing and roofing to furniture making and cabinetry. Carpenters use a variety of tools, such as saws, chisels, and drills, to shape and join pieces of wood into the desired form. It requires a combination of technical skills, creativity, and attention to detail.
Q2.Write a short note on different types of wood used in carpentry shop.
Ans: In carpentry shops, a variety of wood types are used for different projects. Softwoods like pine, spruce, and cedar are commonly used for framing and construction, while hardwoods like oak, maple, and cherry are used for furniture and cabinetry. Other exotic woods like teak and mahogany are also used for their unique qualities and aesthetics. Each wood type has its own unique properties and characteristics, making it important for carpenters to choose the right wood for each project.
Q3.Classify the tools used in carpentry shop.
Ans: The tools used in a carpentry shop can be classified into several categories, including:
Measuring and Layout Tools: These include tools like tape measures, rulers, squares, and levels, which are used to measure and mark the wood accurately.
Cutting Tools: These include saws, chisels, and knives, which are used to cut the wood into different shapes and sizes.
Shaping and Finishing Tools: These include tools like planes, sanders, and rasps, which are used to smooth and shape the wood for a finished look.
Joining Tools: These include tools like hammers, nails, screws, and clamps, which are used to join two pieces of wood together.
Power Tools: These include tools like drills, circular saws, and routers, which are powered by electricity or battery and used for cutting, shaping, and drilling wood.
Q4. List the various marking and measuring tools with neat sketch and explain the following With neat sketch:
a) Carpenter’s Rule
b) Try Square
c) Marking Gauge
Ans: a) Carpenter’s Rule:
A carpenter’s rule is a measuring tool that is typically made of wood or metal and is used to measure distances in feet and inches. It usually has markings on both sides, with one side measuring in inches and the other side measuring in feet.
b) Try Square:
A try square is a measuring tool that is used to check if an edge or surface is perpendicular to another surface. It consists of a metal blade that is fixed to a handle at a 90-degree angle.
c) Marking Gauge:
A marking gauge is a tool used to mark out parallel lines or distances on wood surfaces. It consists of a beam, a fence, and a cutting or marking tip. The fence can be adjusted to the desired distance, and the cutting or marking tip is used to make the mark on the wood surface.
Q5.Discuss the various cutting tools with neat sketch.
Ans: There are various cutting tools used in carpentry. Some of them are
Hand Saw:
A hand saw is a manual cutting tool that is used to cut wood by hand. It has a long, sharp blade with teeth on one edge, and a handle on the other.
Back Saw:
A back saw is a type of hand saw that has a rigid back to provide support to the blade, making it ideal for precision cuts. It has a fine-toothed blade and is commonly used for cutting joints and making accurate cuts.
Circular Saw:
A circular saw is a power tool that has a circular blade that spins at high speeds to make cuts in wood. It can be handheld or mounted on a table for precise cuts.
Chisels:
Chisels are hand tools that are used to cut and shape wood by hand. They have a sharp blade that is struck with a mallet to remove wood and create the desired shape.
Router:
A router is a power tool that uses a rotating bit to carve out shapes and designs in wood. It can be used for creating decorative edges, cutting grooves, and making complex designs.
Q6.Draw sketches of the various planning tools in carpentry.
Ans:
Q7.What does mean by boring tools? List the various boring tools.
Ans: Boring tools are used to make round holes in wood and they are selected according to the type and the purpose of the hole. They include bradawl, gimlet, brace and drill bit.
Bradawl
A bradawl is a tool with a blade similar to that of a straight screwdriver and a handle made from wood or plastic. A bradawl is used to make an indentation in wood or other materials in order to ease the insertion of a nail or screw. The blade is placed across the fibers of the wood, cutting them when pressure is applied – the bradawl is then twisted through 90 degrees which displaces the fibers creating a hole. This cutting action helps to prevent splitting of the wood along the grain.
Gimlet
A gimlet is a hand tool for drilling small holes, mainly in wood, without splitting. A gimlet is always a small tool. The cutting action of the gimlet is slightly different; the cutting edges pare away the wood which is moved out by the spiral sides, falling out through the entry hole. This also pulls the gimlet further into the hole as it is turned; unlike a bradawl, pressure is not required once the tip has been drawn in.
Drill Bit
Drill bits are cutting tools used to create cylindrical holes. Bits are held in a tool called a drill, which rotates them and provides torque and axial force to create the hole. Specialized bits are also available for non-cylindrical-shaped holes.
Q8.Explain the following with neat sketch. a) Bench Vice b) Mallet
Ans: Bench Vice:
A bench vice is a tool consisting of two jaws, a screw mechanism, and a base. It is used to hold a workpiece securely in place while various tasks like drilling, filing, and sawing are performed.
- Mallet:
A mallet is a type of hammer that is used for softer tasks in woodworking, metalworking, and masonry. It is typically made of wood or rubber and has a larger head than a regular hammer.
Q9.Explain the following carpentry joints stating their applications:
a) Lap Joint
b) Bridal Joint
Ans: a. Lap Joint
A lap joint is a carpentry joint where two pieces of wood overlap each other. It is commonly used to join two pieces of wood that are of the same thickness. The lap joint is suitable for applications where strength and rigidity are not the primary concerns, such as in the construction of frames, partitions, and box structures.
b. Bridal Joint:
A bridal joint is a carpentry joint that is used to join two pieces of wood at right angles to each other. It consists of a mortise hole and a tenon, where the tenon fits into the mortise hole. The bridal joint is a strong joint that is commonly used in furniture making, particularly in the construction of tables, chairs, and cabinets.
Q10.Prepare the carpentry job in the Mechanical Workshop as per given drawing.