Q1 )
(A)(I) Argue on the ways to Enhance Creative Thinking.
- Practice brainstorming and ideation techniques: Techniques like mind mapping, free association, and random word generation can help to generate a large number of ideas and possibilities.
- Stimulate creativity through exposure to diverse stimuli: Activities like visiting museums, attending concerts, reading books, and spending time in nature can help to inspire creativity.
- Engage in regular physical exercise: Studies have shown that physical exercise can enhance creativity and cognitive function.
- Set aside time for creative pursuits: Setting aside dedicated time for activities like writing, drawing, or playing music can help to develop and maintain a creative mindset.
- Encourage interdisciplinary thinking: Seeking out perspectives from different fields and collaborating with experts in other disciplines can help to broaden your thinking.
- Foster a culture of innovation: Creating an environment that values creativity and encourages employees to take risks and think outside the box can lead to more innovative solutions.
- Provide training and development opportunities: Providing workshops, courses, and mentoring programs that focus on creativity and innovation can help to develop these skills.
- Embrace experimentation and risk-taking: Trying out new ideas and approaches without fear of failure can lead to breakthroughs and innovative solutions.
- (II) Create an objective tree for a safe juicer.
Ans:
(B) Assume that you and your team are designing a 3D Printer.
a.How would you execute a market survey to collect relevant information?
b.Enlist your focus groups.
c.Evaluate the ways in which this collected data will be useful to design a 3D-Printer.
ANS>>>>Market survey for collecting relevant information for designing a 3D printer can be executed in the following ways:
- Online surveys or questionnaires through social media platforms and websites dedicated to the 3D printing community.
- Conducting interviews or focus groups with industry experts, hobbyists, and potential customers.
- Analyzing market reports and studies related to the 3D printing industry.
- Attending relevant trade shows, conferences, and events to gather firsthand information.
Enlisting focus groups for designing a 3D printer can include:
- Engineers and designers with experience in 3D printing technology.
- Hobbyists and enthusiasts who frequently use 3D printers for various purposes.
- Businesses and organizations that use 3D printing for prototyping and manufacturing.
- Potential customers, including individuals and organizations who have not yet used 3D printers but have an interest in the technology.
The collected data from the market survey and focus groups will be useful for designing a 3D printer in the following ways:
- Identifying the needs and preferences of potential customers, which can inform the design and functionality of the printer.
- Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of existing 3D printers in the market, which can help in developing a unique selling proposition for the new printer.
- Assessing the level of demand for certain features or functionalities in a 3D printer, which can help prioritize design decisions.
- Gathering insights into the future of the 3D printing industry and potential technological advancements that could be incorporated into the printer design.
Q2)
(A)(I)Elavorate Material selection criteria.
(A)(II)Differentiate between Standards and Codes with examples.
(B)
Q3)
(A) (II)Define plannig and state its benefits & limitations.
(B)
Q4)
(A)(i) There are several possible reasons why an atom bomb cannot be patented. One reason is that it may be considered a dual-use technology, meaning that it has both civilian and military applications, and therefore may be subject to export controls or secrecy orders that prevent the disclosure of the invention to the public.
(ii) Define:
(i) Patent: A Patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by. a sovereign state or intergovernmental organization to an inventor or assignee for a limited period of time in exchange for detailed public disclosure of an invention.
(ii) Trademark : A trademark helps consumers to identify and choose between products/services based on their reputation and quality
(iii) Trade Secret : Trade secrets are intellectual property (IP) rights on confidential information which may be sold or licensed.
(iv) Geographical Indication : A geographical indication (GI) is a sign used on products that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities or a reputation that are due to that origin.
(v) Copyright : Copyright gives you a set of rights that prevents other people from copying your work and doing other things with your work that you may not like.
(vi) Utility Patent : Utility Patent- Most common type granted- Works to produce a useful result. Process, Machine, Article of Manufacture, Composition of matter.
(vii) Design Patent : Ornamental Appearance of an article of Manufacture Design and the applied object are inseparable. Can also be protected by a utility patent if it meets those requirements. Ex-surface ornamentation of flatware.
(viii) Intellectual property Rights (IPR) : Intellectual property rights are the rights given to persons over the creations of their minds.
(B)
| Trademark | Trade secret |
| A logo or graphical representation to differentiate one product or service from another | A secret or concept of any business that gives it an economic advantage over its competitors |
| Obtained by filing an application and registering the trademark | Obtained by keeping the information confidential and taking reasonable steps to prevent unauthorized disclosure |
| Lasts as long as the trademark is used and renewed periodically | Lasts as long as the information remains secret and valuable |
| Protects the identity and goodwill of a product or service from confusion or dilution | Protects the know-how, formulas, processes, designs or other information that is not publicly known |
| Can be enforced against anyone who infringes or misuses the trademark without permission | Can be enforced against anyone who acquires, uses or discloses the trade secret in a dishonest or unfair manner |
| Copyright | Patent |
| Copyright is regulated by the Copyright Act, 1957 | A patent is regulated by the Patents Act, 1970. |
| It is a legal right confers to the creator of artistic work. It encompasses the right of adaptation of work, reproduction, distribution, etc. | A patent refers to a statutory right conferred by the government to protect an invention for a limited timeframe. Under the specified patent law, the invention cannot be sold, remade, imported without the inventor’s permission |
| Copyright has a limited scope of applicability as it can’t be applied to all sorts of work. | A patent protects the technical enhancement, which adheres to novelty and uniqueness. |
| Artists and creators can apply for copyright registration anytime. | A patent for an invention cannot be obtained once disclosed to the general public or made available in the marketplace. |
| Through copyright registration, the owner can reproduce and distribute the original work without any hassle. | A patent is granted to the invention, such as composition involved in an element or particular process. |
Q5)
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D) Define optimization. Explain the ways in which a design can be optimised.
Ans: Design optimization is a programmed mathematical technique that integrates this iterative design cycle in an automated process.
The analysis, evaluation, and modification tasks are performed automatically, making it possible to obtain an”optimum” design more efficiently.
(E) Explain Geographical Indication giving suitable examples
Ans:A geographical indication (GI) is a sign used on products that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities or a reputation that are due to that origin.
GI are generally registered on products produced by rural, marginal and indigenous communities over generations that have garnered massive reputation at the international and national level due to some of its unique qualities.
For example, in the jurisdictions in which the Darjeeling geographical indication is protected, producers of Darjeeling tea can exclude use of the term “Darjeeling” for tea not grown in their tea gardens or not produced according to the standards set out in the code of practice for the geographical indication.
(F) Identify the concept of modular design by stating its pros & cons.
Ans: A modular design is an approach for product designing which is used to produce a complete product by integrating or combining smaller parts that are independent of each other. With the modular design approach, a complex product.
Some of the pros of modular design are:
It reduces the cost and time of product development and maintenance, as modules can be reused, customized, or upgraded without affecting the whole system.
Some of the cons of modular design are:
It increases the design complexity and difficulty, as modules have to be carefully defined, coordinated, and integrated with each other and with the system as a whole.