Q1 )
(A) Explain Design thinking as an effective problem solving approach.
ANS) The design thinking process is a problem-solving design methodology that helps you tackle complex problems by framing the issue in a human-centric way. The design thinking process works especially well for problems that are not clearly defined or have a more ambiguous goal.
(B) Enlist various stages in design and explain their significance.
ANS)The various stages in design are Research, Ideation, Concept Development, Prototyping, Testing, and Implementation. Research helps to gather data and insights to understand the problem and user needs. Ideation involves generating and refining ideas for solutions. Concept Development involves creating a detailed plan for the chosen solution. Prototyping helps to create a low-fidelity version of the solution to test and refine it. Testing involves gathering feedback from users to refine the solution. Implementation involves bringing the solution to market. These stages are crucial for designers to create effective solutions that meet user needs and expectations.
(C) Explain design space analogy using any example.
ANS>Design space analogy is a concept used to analyze the different possibilities and constraints within a particular design problem. It involves considering various parameters that can impact the design solution and finding a balance between them. For example, when designing a car, parameters like fuel efficiency, safety, comfort, cost, and aesthetics are important. Designers must balance these parameters to create a successful design. By exploring the design space, designers can create innovative solutions that meet the needs and expectations of users while considering various constraints.
Q2)
(A)Create an objective tree for portable ladder.
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(A) Invent any five Problem Statements from the problems you face in your day to day life.
ANS) Here are five problem statements derived from common challenges in daily life:
Problem Statement: Efficient Task Management
How might I effectively manage my daily tasks, appointments, and commitments to ensure productivity and avoid forgetting important deadlines or responsibilities?
Problem Statement: Healthy Meal Planning
How can I simplify the process of planning and preparing healthy meals that meet my nutritional needs, considering time constraints, dietary preferences, and limited cooking skills?
Problem Statement: Stress Management
How might I effectively manage stress and find relaxation techniques that fit into my busy schedule, allowing me to maintain a healthy work-life balance and improve overall well-being?
Problem Statement: Efficient Home Organization
How can I optimize the organization and storage of my belongings in a limited space, ensuring easy access, minimizing clutter, and enhancing overall tidiness and functionality?
Problem Statement: Reliable Transportation
How might I ensure reliable transportation options for my daily commuting needs, considering factors such as traffic congestion, public transportation limitations, and availability of alternative transportation methods?
(B)compose the advantages and disadvantages of Quality Function Deployment.
ANS>> Advantages of Quality Function Deployment (QFD) include improved customer satisfaction, reduced design time and costs, and enhanced collaboration between departments. Disadvantages include the potential for over-engineering, the difficulty of accurately identifying customer needs, and the need for significant data and resources to implement the process effectively.
(B)Differentiate between standards and codes with example.
ANS>
Q3)
(A)Express the ways to invite creative thinking.
- ANS>>>Curiosity: Creative thinking begins with curiosity. Being curious about things around you, asking questions, and seeking answers can spark your creativity.
- Brainstorming: Brainstorming is a technique that involves generating as many ideas as possible, without censoring or evaluating them. This technique can help you come up with unique and creative ideas.
- Mind mapping: Mind mapping is a technique that involves creating a visual representation of your ideas. This technique can help you organize your thoughts and ideas, and also identify connections between them.
- Challenging assumptions: Challenging assumptions means questioning the assumptions that are taken for granted. By doing so, you can uncover new perspectives and ideas.
- Associating ideas: Associating ideas is the process of connecting seemingly unrelated ideas or concepts. This technique can help you come up with unique and innovative ideas.
- Seeking inspiration: Seeking inspiration from various sources such as art, literature, nature, and other people’s ideas can help stimulate your creativity.
- Experimentation: Experimentation involves trying out new ideas and concepts without fear of failure. By experimenting, you can discover new possibilities and develop creative solutions.
(A)Elaborate’Material Selection Criteria.
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(B)Explain with examples, any three methods to do market survey.
ANS> Market surveys are an important tool for gathering information about customers and market trends. Here are three methods to conduct market surveys:-
1) online survey
2) phone interview
3) focus group
Online Surveys: Online surveys are a popular and cost-effective method of conducting market research. They can be easily distributed to a large number of people and can collect a lot of data in a short period of time. Online surveys can be created using various survey software tools, such as SurveyMonkey, Google Forms, or Typeform. For instance, an e-commerce business can use an online survey to gather customer feedback on their shopping experience, product selection, pricing, and shipping.
Phone Interviews: Phone interviews are another effective method of conducting market research. Phone interviews allow businesses to have more personalized conversations with their target audience and can provide more in-depth insights than online surveys. They are particularly useful for reaching out to a specific demographic or target audience. For example, a company might conduct phone interviews with its customers to better understand their needs, preferences, and purchasing behavior.
Focus groups
In focus groups, a moderator uses a scripted series of questions or topics to lead a discussion among a group of people. These sessions take place at neutral locations, usually at facilities with videotaping equipment and an observation room with one-way mirrors. A focus group usually lasts one to two hours, and it takes at least three groups to get balanced results.
(C)Identify the need and purpose of Quality Function Deployment.